\caption{Descriptive Statistics}
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\toprule
&        Baseline                               & \multicolumn{4}{c}{Subsamples}                                                                \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-2} \cmidrule(lr){3-6}
&                                                               &       Lame Duck                       & Tiebout $<$ median                                                                    & Ideology distance $>$ median                                                  & Oil windfall                                  \\
\midrule
\multicolumn{6}{l}{Size of government: overall revenues and expenses} \\
\midrule
Expenditure per capita              &                  781.50           &                783.86                 &          784.30                 &                  779.11                 &                  778.17                 \\
&               (    38.71)                         &               (    39.72)                         &                       (    39.58)                 &               (    38.22)                         &               (    42.83)                         \\
Expenditure, \% GDP                         &                   19.31   &               19.94               &                   16.82               &                   18.48               &                   19.16               \\
&               (    13.12)               &               (    17.02)                       &                       (    13.77)       &               (    10.88)               &               (    10.16)               \\
Revenue per capita                          &                  791.85           &                794.16                 &                  794.35                 &                  789.22                 &          787.04                 \\
&               (    40.09)                         &               (    41.19)                         &                       (    40.67)                 &               (    39.88)                         &               (    42.42)                         \\
Revenue, \% GDP                                             &                   21.36   &               22.07               &                   18.57               &                   20.43               &                   20.98               \\
&               (    13.89)               &               (    18.08)                       &                       (    14.68)       &               (    12.03)                       &               (    11.24)               \\
\midrule
\multicolumn{6}{l}{Allocation of resources: budget categories (\% of total expenditure)} \\
\midrule
Current Expenditure                 &                   88.20          &                   87.44          &                   88.01                  &                   88.40          &                   88.56                  \\
&               (     4.89)                  &               (     5.17)                  &               (     5.00)                          &               (     4.79)                  &               (     5.47)                          \\
\multicolumn{6}{l}{of which:} \\
\hspace{0.20cm} Personnel                                                           &                   48.12                    &                   47.54                    &                   48.10                            &                   48.57                    &                   48.25                            \\
&               (     7.16)                    &               (     7.15)                            &               (     6.96)                                    &               (     7.07)                            &               (     7.19)                                    \\
Public Investments                  &                   10.20          &                   10.94          &                   10.38                  &                    9.97          &                    9.58                  \\
&               (     4.85)                  &               (     5.14)                  &               (     4.95)                          &               (     4.68)                  &               (     5.56)                          \\
\midrule
\multicolumn{6}{l}{Allocation of resources: functional categories (\% of total expenditure)} \\
\midrule
Social Expenditures                 &                   59.56                   &                   59.24                   &                   59.25                   &                   59.88                   &                   59.66                   \\
&               (     8.49)                   &               (     8.57)                   &               (     7.99)                   &               (     8.67)                   &               (     8.06)                   \\
\multicolumn{6}{l}{of which:} \\
\hspace{0.20cm} Health \& sanitation                &                   24.14                                       &                   23.91                                       &                   24.36                                       &                   24.26                                       &                   22.54                                       \\
&               (     5.32)                                       &               (     5.17)                                       &               (     5.58)                                       &               (     5.62)                                       &               (     5.03)                                       \\
\hspace{0.20cm} Education \& culture                &                   31.64                    &           31.52                    &           31.20                    &           31.88                    &           33.57                    \\
&               (     8.32)                    &       (     8.31)                    &       (     8.07)                    &       (     8.39)                    &       (     7.58)                    \\
\hspace{0.20cm} Social welfare                                      &                    3.79                              &                    3.81                              &                    3.69                              &                    3.74                              &                    3.55                              \\
&               (     1.69)                              &               (     1.73)                              &               (     1.63)                              &               (     1.67)                              &               (     1.75)                              \\
\multicolumn{6}{l}{Other Expenditures:} \\
\hspace{0.20cm} Housing                                                                     &                    8.98                              &                    9.43                              &                    9.55                              &                    8.86                              &                   10.87                              \\
&               (     4.79)                              &               (     4.94)                              &               (     5.06)                              &               (     4.84)                              &               (     5.11)                              \\
\hspace{0.20cm} Transportation                                      &                    3.55                    &            3.44                    &            3.20                    &            3.28                    &            1.44                    \\
&               (     4.33)                    &       (     4.26)                    &       (     3.92)                    &       (     4.19)                    &       (     2.23)                    \\
\hspace{0.20cm} Other                                                                       &                   27.90                                        &                   27.90                                        &                   28.01                                        &                   27.98                                        &                   28.03                                        \\
&               (     7.51)                                        &               (     7.77)                                                        &               (     7.34)                                        &               (     7.86)                                        &               (     8.01)                                        \\
\midrule
Left candidate margin                                                                       &                  -10.05                                      &                  -11.57                                      &                   -9.43                                      &                   -7.06                                      &                  -12.13                                      \\
&               (    27.67)                                      &               (    31.13)                                                      &               (    28.57)                                      &               (    24.29)                                      &               (    31.82)                                      \\
\midrule
Observations                                                                        &     8943                          &     2395                          &     4158                           &     3105                                  &      919                                  \\
\bottomrule
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